Innovating Lean Production in Portakabin

Lean production Lean production involves using less labor, space, materials and time. This leads to the reduction in the amount of resources used by an organization. It is a method of production that aims at reducing wastage and inefficiency of the production process.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Innovating Lean Production in Portakabin specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It involves producing a lot of products with using minimal resources. It is the optimal use of resources to manufacture quality products. Organizations that adopt this form of production believe that any use of resources that have no value to the customer is a waste. They believe in producing high quality products that are of value to customers (Black, 2008). Lean production at Portakabin Portakabin is a multinational company which produces advanced building systems. It is a subsidiary company of shepherd group. Shepherd group is one of the bigg est family owned building industry companies in Europe. Portakabin’s main operations include manufacturing, construction and property development. The company uses lean production method to produce high quality products that are of value to customers. For instance, the company uses a quality management system. This ensures that the products manufactured are of value to customers. It produces high quality products through a process known as kaizen. This process is achieved through small regular steps. The process helps in reducing time of production hence enhancing efficiency. (Black, 2008) Just in time production is another way used by the company in the lean production. This process aims at reducing the cost of holding inventories. In Portakabin, materials are maintained at a minimum level. Stocks are only produced when they are required. This reduces the storage space, required to stock the goods, which improves efficiency. This also ensures that the working capital is used efficiently. It also helps in minimizing defects stock which improves efficiency. Just-in-time production Just in time production, is mostly used by Portakabin, in construction of new buildings. In this case, we shall focus on the development of a new Lilliput children’s centre. These centres are designed to be child focused. They are designed to meet the tough safety and care standards to protect children. Just in time production, helps the company to build these centre, in less time than using traditional methods. Multi-functional rooms are used as training rooms, kitchens and nurseries. First of all the materials used in the production of the centre is to be maintained at a minimum level.Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company will ensure that raw materials, work in progress, and finished product are at a minimum level. The materials will be delivered when requi red and this will reduce the space required to hold materials (Black, 2008). It will also ensure that working capital is used efficiently. Just in time production will also help in reducing the number of defect materials. The demand for the material, to construct a children centre will force Portakabin to build a new component of suppliers. The company will only hold materials that are needed during construction. This will reduce cost, and ensures that the materials ordered meet the need of a new Lilliput children’s centre. In this production process, the company will develop a detailed information system. This will enable the company to control the flow of the production process. This will involve recording supplies at every level of production to ensure that, the materials are available when needed. During the production process, the company ensures that there is a strong relationship with suppliers. This is because poor relationship with the suppliers will cause delay in t he delivery of materials. This delay can hold up the whole production process. Just in time production will be used to ensure that materials are available when needed by the next stage of production (Black, 2008). Impacts of using lean production in Portakabin. Lean production is used by Portakabin Company, to enhance reduction of the amount of resources used. The Company is focusing on eliminating wastes in the production process. Lean production helps the company to reduce waste, by reducing damaged products. This leads to production of products that are of high quality, and that meet the requirements of customers. Using lean production has led to several positive impacts to Portakabin Company. The process reduces the cost of constructing high building projects. The time between a customer placing an order and the product being ready is shortened, through the use of modern technologies. This leads to predictable construction, which is not affected by weather conditions. Most of Po rtakabin’s products are delivered on time and on budget as compared to the traditional construction industry. Lead production ensures that projects are constructed faster than the traditional building method (Black, 2008). The quality management systems adopted by the company ensures that products are of high quality. The lean manufacturing methods ensure that, products are of high quality at every production level. The high quality products create value for customers, hence the demand increases.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Innovating Lean Production in Portakabin specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lean production approach enhances environmentally friendly approach in a world where resources are scarce. Ultima buildings have minimal air leakage hence excellent thermal performance. The production processes do not affect the ozone layer due to insulation materials used in the walls and roofs. The company has a policy of recycling materials, which is of substantial benefit. The lean production uses factory based construction which is safer than traditional construction sites. Portakabin Company also faces challenges in the use of lean production process. For instance, delay in delivering stocks when using just in time production system affects the next stage of production. Adapting to quality standards takes extra time that adds costs to the company operations. Lean production has enabled the company to develop advanced building projects which have attracted many customers. It has enabled the company to construct many buildings across the globe. The company has also been able to deliver high quality buildings across the world which meets customer requirement. The Portakabin lean production method encourages reduction of waste. Installation of completed modules ensures that few workers are needed on site hence creating unemployment. Finally, the lean production process has enabled Por takabin to meet the international standards. This informs the customers that the company is following the right guidelines set by awarding bodies (Black, 2008). Innovation Innovation involves the development of more effective processes, products and technologies that are accepted by the market. It is the use of a new idea. It is the exploitation of new ideas to develop a new product or service. It is a way of doing something better than it has been done. The main aim of innovation is to achieve business value through developing ideas from mind to market. It results to new business ideas and technological revolutions which lead to wealth creation. Innovation has become significant to most business organizations. In this case, the discussion is about innovation in Toyota Motor Corporation. Toyota Motor Corporation is a company based in Japan. The Company specializes in automobile and financial businesses. It is the largest vehicle manufacturer in the world. It manufactures several pro ducts such as trucks, buses, sports vehicles, minivans among others. The company’s subsidiaries also manufacture vehicles. The main competitors of Toyota Company are Chevrolet, Nissan, Daimler, Chrysler and General Motors.Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Toyota Company makes automotive parts for its own use and for selling to other companies. The most common models include Land Cruiser, Corolla, Luxury Lexus and Camry. Asia accounts for almost 40% of Toyota sales (May, 2006). It is also engaged in manufacturing and selling of housings, information and communication businesses. It has 511 subsidiaries and 217 associated companies. Toyota Motor Corporation is one of the most innovate business organizations in the world (May, 2006). Innovation is one of the driving factors behind Toyota Motors Corporation. The foundation, history and operations of the company are based on the idea of creating innovative ideas and design concepts. It is one of the most profitable companies across the globe. Its market share in the automobile industry is increasing because of its effort, in delivering best innovations. The company was started in 1898 by Sakichi Toyoda; he started the first steam powered car (May, 2006). It was the first company to develo p a break through hybrid car technology in the world. Toyota motors corporation started as Automatic Loom Works. In the early 1900, s company looms were of high quality, low cost and easy to use. It implements around one million innovative ideas each year. This means that about 2500 new ideas are implemented on a daily basis. For instance, the companies developed a hybrid car in 1997 (May, 2006). The company enhances innovation through systematic pursuit of perfection in every department. For instance, the Lexus vehicles are manufactured to epitomize the form of vehicle design, performance and service satisfaction. Innovation leads to change in attitude and behavior of people. Toyota Motor Corporation has developed Toyota Prius vehicle, which is spacious and provides all the safety features. The Prius enabled Toyota to get more sales than the leading American car companies in 2007. The company envisioned the changing environment of increasing cost of gas and pollution. This led to t he development of a car which is economical and which is environmental friendly. Toyota Company is an innovative company which establishes alternative sources of energy, new technology of personal transport, and safety systems. Its vision is to create ideas and concepts to improve Toyota technology (May, 2006). The company continues to develop vehicles that prevent and minimizes the damage of an accident. It uses advanced technology to make vehicles, which are safe for everybody. It develops safe vehicles based on integrated safety management concept. For example, a pre-crash safety system that predicts a frontal collision, which helps in reducing damages. Toyota Company recognizes the fact that, as time changes transportation needs to change. It has been developing new forms of transportation, which has enhanced flexibility to personal mobility. For instance, it has developed a winglet which supports universal human mobility. Toyota design has also been developing. The concept of à ¢â‚¬Å"j-factor† creates values by synergizing various elements. This helps drivers to feel energized and dynamic. As far as environmental technology is concerned, the company has developed, from hybrids and electrical automotive to fuel cell technology. Electrical cars are compact, spacious, and of great eco-conscious (May, 2006). The fuel cell vehicle uses hydrogen for energy, which is better for the earth and the next stage in vehicle technology. Toyota Motor Corporation has developed intelligent transport systems. These systems make driving safe and more convenient. Innovation in the company aims at bridging the gap between human interaction and robots. Since 1970s, the company has been developing robots for manufacturing, to improve quality and reduce costs. It has been developing various robots to help people with a combination of caring and intelligence. The company has also been developing human assisting robots to promote harmonious relationship with people. The compan y is also known with the idea of concept cars (May, 2006). Yaris HSD concept will be crucial in Toyotas full hybrid roll out strategy in Europe. FT-EV II is a future electrical car which does not emit any gas. FT-86 II concept is driver oriented, and it is designed to help the driver enjoy driving. The development of Prius started in 1993. This was motivated by the issues of gases emissions and depleting oil resources. The new development was focused on determining, performance and features, maintain consistency with other models. The Prius concept was developed from a scratch. Toyota Motors Corporation used a system approach to innovation for the 2010 Prius. The company modified many parts of the vehicle to achieve the goal of fuel economy. The car has extensive aerodynamic features. The car is designed to reduce the drag inducing air turbulence. The car has been modified to improve the interference between the car and driver. It provides real time feedback on fuel consumption and power system activity. The car can be driven in EV-mode or the power mode. The Prius has a solar powered fan on the roof that cools the temperature. Prius development is one of the major innovations of Toyota Motors Corporation. This development has had a massive impact on the Toyota motor corporation today. Toyota is currently working on increasing the number of models in the future. The development has enabled the company to acquire recognition on groundbreaking innovation. It has also improved the company’s brand image The Company has been ranked among the top environmentally conscious business organizations in the world. Toyota motor Corporation has been ranked 4th among the most innovative companies in the world (May, 2006). References Black, J., 2008, Lean production. Chicago: Industial Press Inc. May, M., 2006, The elegant solution:Toyota’s formula for mastering innovation. New York: Free Press. This essay on Innovating Lean Production in Portakabin was written and submitted by user Rachel Curry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Interview with Book Designer Stewart Williams Reedsy

Interview with Book Designer Stewart Williams Reedsy â€Å"I like things a little more visceral†¦Ã¢â‚¬  - An interview with designer Stewart Williams. We are proud to feature designer Stewart Williams on Reedsy. Stewart’s arresting, beautiful and original designs have spanned a large range of titles from novels to cooking to poetry and a range of non-fiction. We got some great insights into Stewart’s creative process, his approach to different genres and authors, plus the opportunities of a rich online presence.For the unconditional lovers of the written word, I’ve transcribed most of the interview below. But for those who want to take part in the discussion, you can directly join us on the hangout! Hi Stewart, thanks for joining me on this hangout. First, can you give me a bit of background on how you became a freelance book designer?I started out in the publishing world working in magazines and newspapers, and was primarily art directing for various publications in Seattle for quite a long time. I worked for a number of newspapers, however I really wanted to work with books, because I’ve always loved reading and I’ve loved books since I was a little kid. I always thought that the publishing industry was fascinating and that what cover designers did was really the kind of thing I wanted to do as a graphic designer.Whilst I was working for newspapers I started to get jobs here and there with publishers and I didn’t turn down anything. I knew that every job that I could do was something I could add on to my portfolio, to help me get bigger and bigger clients as I moved along. After a brief period of travel, Sasquatch books hired me as a senior designer and I stayed there for a few years. I finally ended up in New York City where I couldn’t find any work at all, so I just decided to go do business for myself.I started to build a presence using all the contacts I had acquired, and I knew at that time that it was really important for me to work on my online presence, so I was always doing online portfolios. I can’t remember the last time I showed anybody a physical portfolio, nobody really uses those anymore. I was already making websites back in the early 1990s, and those have really helped because I really don’t know where people find my work, so I try to put it everywhere.I really like the fact that you put all your work out there, on different platforms. I’ve checked your blog and you’re one of the few cover designers I’ve seen at Reedsy who posts all the projects they’re doing, including information about the creative process and previous cover versions. I think too few designers do tha t.I’ve noticed that as well and I don’t know why that is. I think sometimes it has to do with this idea that when people sign up for a portfolio and are asking for a description, if you have 25 covers it can seem a little daunting to write 25 descriptions at once. For me it was always important to do it as I went along so this wouldn’t happen.Also, I think people run out of things to say, or they are trying to really let the work speak for themselves. But for my clients, people ask me specific questions, like â€Å"do you do YA?† or â€Å"how many covers do you do?†, and I think that the explanations that I give really demystify what is going on on my end so the people get a better idea of how the process works. The blog really helps me illustrate that for them rather than just do some magic trick and say: â€Å"here’s your cover!†In particular, also, I do it to show to people how many cover designs go into a cover project for somebod y like Amazon. Sometimes I do 13 different covers before they decide on the one they like.You mentioned you’ve worked in the past for big publishers, but it seems that now you’re shifting a bit towards indie authors and getting more work from them, am I right?Yes, that’s true, it’s something that I’ve seen more and more over the last 3-4 years: with the rise of the Kindle people have started to write independently and publish via KDP or similar services. It’s been really different for me in the beginning because I usually never dealt with authors, and I realised I enjoyed it quite a bit. Sometimes they have really good ideas, or they just want you to do whatever you feel like, and I like that direct line of communication with people.And by working directly with authors you get more creative freedom, right?You know, I’ve often found along the years that the less I get paid, the more creative freedom I have! When people have larger budg ets they tend to have an idea of exactly what they want you to do. With smaller budgets, they’re more inclined to relinquish control of things and let you do what you want if the price is kept down. Of course I never use that as a way to do whatever I feel like, because I think it’s really important to hear what the author is telling me the want. I want to make sure that my work is something they’ll be happy with and will help them sell their book.Do you prefer working purely with stock imagery, or illustrations, or a mixture?That’s another thing that has to do with budgets in a way. I think there is a lot of inexpensive stock photography out there, so it is hard to convince somebody to spend more money on an illustration.I’m not really an illustrator, I haven’t done it for a living. I like to illustrate, but it’s one of those things where I have to prove myself to people before I get them to hire me, so I’m doing more smaller jobs that don’t pay as much just to get the experience and have something to show.I feel like with the surge of independent publishing and the number of books available having an illustration - something that is 100% unique - really adds value.I agree, and I’d say that the stock photography is not keeping up with the demand, so you start seeing the same photographs on different people’s books and that’s embarrassing for the author.I think people are starting to realise that you cannot just take an image and put your title and name on it because there is a very good chance that someone else is going to use the same†¦You work across all genres, I think, but is there any that you prefer working on? Or any project lately that you have particularly enjoyed?I like things a little more visceral, where there is more of a graphic edge. I think crime and horror are like that. I try not to emulate what people see out there and stay away from the typical horror book cover.But I do like to work on all things, even non-fiction. I have a few client publishers who publish more historical books, and those tend to follow certain contemporary trends in the United States politics. I do like working with archival and historical images.I also love working on poetry books. There tends to be a non-linear way to think about the covers that can work with poetry books, they’re not conceptual the same way a fiction book might be. I find it more interesting and challenging to work with an abstract idea. If you’re building a cover and you know there are certain elements that have to be on it, it becomes more of a production process than a creative one. My method of working is a little weirder and less straightforward than that.That’s good to hear, because a common piece of advice if you write in a particular genre is that your cover absolutely has to respect certain guidelines that are part of the genre. I always feel like as an author you might stand a better chance if you come with a different style for the cover, even one that doesn’t fully â€Å"respect† the genre.I would agree. Other people who write in your genre all have similar looking covers. So if I’m going to look for a book in that genre online, I’m probably immediately going to pick up the one that has a cover that doesn’t look like all the others.That said, it’s hard to convince people to do something different. Even publishers will say to me: â€Å"this book has sold quite a bit and it looks like this, can you do something similar?†. But the problem is that the public is smarter than that and after a while it is going to get bored.I think there’s only a small window of time in which you can emulate an idea and still be successful. The rest of the time you’ve got to try something different. It is a risk, and although people have to take risks, they usually don’t want to be the firs t one.

Consider Planting an Oak in Your Yard

Consider Planting an Oak in Your Yard Red and white oaks (Quercus species) are great trees to plant in your yard and you will find one from the many oak species available to choose from. An oak is the  state tree  of Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland and New Jersey. Oaks have always suffered from a slow growth image to the favor of planting quick-growing, short-lived native and exotic trees. Habit and Range You can find an oak species growing naturally in all 48 states. There are white and live oaks in the West. Live, red and white oaks populate the East - oaks are everywhere and are the most popular tree in the United States. In fact, the oak has been selected as Americas national tree by the National Arbor Day Foundation and found in every North American state and province. Strong Cultivars Best cultivars by preferred oak species: White Oaks - Jasper, Lincoln, Crimson SpireRed and Scarlet Oaks - Red SplendensLive Oaks - Highrise, Southern Shade Oak Plant Hardiness Zones Oaks hardy through zone 3 if selected from northern sources. Expert Comments Bur oak...is a majestic, rugged tree, extremely variable even for an oak, and tolerates a wide range of habitats...under favorable conditions, it ranks among the most impressive of all trees. - Guy Sternberg, Native Trees for North American Landscapes If but one oak could grace my garden, this (scarlet oak) would be the choice.- Michael Dirr, Dirrs Hardy Trees and Shrubs Amoung the 600 or so oak species...an elite few of these, in the right place at the right time, have inspired the kind of awe and legend attached to gods and heroes. Such trees are mainly of the white oak group. - Arthur Plotnik, The Urban Tree Book

A) How successful has the government of the Irish Republic been in Essay

A) How successful has the government of the Irish Republic been in running it's economy over the last three years b) Describe and evaluate the main macro econo - Essay Example â€Å"Because Ireland is a small country, FDI The housing market helped helped to sustain growth in the recent years as housing investment has reached almost 16% of GNI, but the market has turned since 2006.on the basis GNI growth is expected to decline from 5% in 2007 to 3% in 2008. The housing market weakness also effected badly on increasing the rate of unemployment from 4% in 2006, to 5.5% in 2008. Ireland enjoyed spectacular growth in tax revenues over the past years but this is affected by the economic declining, the government surplus of 3.5% of GNI has reduced in to .5% in 2007due to the lower property related receipts the real government expenditure has expanded rapidly In the year 2005, Ireland’s employment rates reduced from 14% to 4%, due to the growth in GDP. But in the year 2006 the unemployment rate increased to 4.4% Ireland faces a problem of sustainability from other countries because of the generation gap in population aged over 65, relating to working age population .the current system will unsustainable even with the national pension fund The growth rate in GDP has reached 10%from 1997 to 2000; which in 2005 has reached $169 billion, above the average of EU 25. However, since year 2006 Ireland’s economic growth started to slow down, due to the lower investment spending and more moderate consumption, which is 5.6%, in 2007 at 4.7% and it is projected to slow down further in the coming years. In the past years economic activity remain strong by the strong domestic demand but it is now easing in the short step should be taken to attract the foreign investment. In the longer run, stronger productivity growth and continued increase in participation rates will be needed to sustain a fast pace of real income growth. The easing activity has slow down government revenues and a sharp drop in the fiscal surplus

Reactions of Xanthine Oxidase and Aromatase Inhibitor Research Paper

Reactions of Xanthine Oxidase and Aromatase Inhibitor - Research Paper Example According to the findings, it can, therefore, be said that breast cancer, as well as ovarian cancer, is a large problem of medicine and both are life treating, especially for women. These cancers are of particular importance because they are promoted by estrogen. In 2000, approximately 130,000 women died of breast cancer; nearly two-thirds of these women were postmenopausal. In pre-menopausal women estrogen is produced in the ovaries, so reducing estrogen from other sources is not important, but in postmenopausal women, most of the estrogen in the body is produced in the adrenal gland from the conversion of androgens and also from adipose tissue through a special enzyme called aromatase. The large influence of the estrogen produced outside the ovaries by aromatization is clear. In postmenopausal women, their estrogen comes from the actions of aromatase-final step in the pathway of estrogen biosynthesis by creating an aromatic ring in the steroid molecule, and so its inhibitor may be used to treat estrogen tumors, and so, effective treatment in breast cancer is an aromatase inhibitor. Also, it is used in women when their ovaries are no longer producing estrogen. It is not the same in premenopausal women or the opposite effects appear, the main estrogen comes up from ovaries, not by conversion androgen to estrogen, so blocking aromatization effects does not increase the androgen production. According to clinical researches, a correlation has been establishing between estrogen receptors and the growth of breast cancer and so effective therapy can be made by aromatase inhibitor working more efficient then tamoxifen. The hormone estrogen delivers growth thru signals to the hormone receptors, so less estrogen in the body leads to fewer growth signals and stopping the growth of cancer. Now medical experts consider aromatase inhibitor for postmenopausal women with invasive hormone receptor positive for breast cancer, in the early and advanced stage. Aromatase inhibitor , according to research, can stimulate ovulation- can treat infertility. According to 65 patients included in the studies, drugs can suppress estrogen production in endometriosis and reduces pain and chance of endometriosis in combination with hormonal treatment. It is significant to mention that there should be no long-term use because it may cause bone loss. It also helps bodybuilders, who take anabolic steroids from being converted to estrogen such as in the case of gynecomastia. In one recent study, however, aromatase inhibitors were found to be no more successful at treating pubertal gynecomastia than a placebo. Aromatase inhibitors have also been shown to reverse age-related declines in testosterone, as well as primary hypogonadism. The third generation drugs: anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane have given remarkable specificity and potency. Leading thru initial results from clinical trials, these agents will become the cornerstones of future endocrine therapy as a successf ul rational drug. It is important that the aromatase inhibitor have additional benefits thru pleiotropic effects as a particular role in preventing cancer or treating benign conditions.

Domestic Violence And Its Effects Essay Example for Free

Domestic Violence And Its Effects Essay Domestic Violence And Its Effects Introduction            This essay the main women characters in ‘Trifles’ by Susan Glaspell and ‘Sweat’ by Zora Neale Thurston to explore domestic violence. The two plays form an ideal pair which explores domestic violence and its effects in the society. The essay considers how this issue is dramatized differently by Glaspell and Zora. By examining the two novels together, in the limelight of domestic violence and its impacts, the essayist will better discern, in relief, of the two plays achieve success and continues to fascinate the readers. Both novelists explore the relation between the legal narrative, official and illegitimate, suppressed stories, in which the females and the male’s version of conflict ascend over one another and the fate of women, determine their trials. In Trifles, the law is bent and the context of the women replaces the context of men in the court.            Domestic violence or emotional abuse is a behaviour used by one spouse to take control of the other. Forms of domestic abuse include sexual abuse, emotional, physical and economical, and can range from coercive, subtle forms of misuse to brutal physical abuse that may result to death or .disfigurement. Domestic violence affects those involved together with their substantial families, co-workers, friends and community at large. This crime affects children brought up in such families seriously. It subjects them to numerous physical and social problems. This creates a significant chance of increasing the risks of such children becoming the society’s next victims and abusers. The Trifle and the Sweat will give us a great opportunity of exploring some forms of domestic violence and their effects to the victims.            Susan Glaspell and Zora Neale Hurston lived during the early 1900s (Wagner-Martin, pp. 33). During this period, the role of the women in the society was being submissive to men as well as taking care of the domestic duties and responsibilities. This took place in all rural areas. Women hardly worked in order to support their families financially (Lupton, pp. 46). Their principal duties were to take care of children and attend other household duties. As a result, females were placed in the second class status where they were not considered as intelligent as men and were subjected to abuse. The two plays capture the struggles faced by women during this time. Males regard women in the plays with all the formulaic trappings in the setting of the rural American. Nevertheless, Glaspell and Hurston show women rarely fit the stereotype and should never be underestimated at all.            The society during this time had great influence on the way people lived, and could either liberate or oppress based on their standards of living. The society believed in the male superiority and women were oppressed and discontented with their lives. The women in the ‘Sweat’ and the ‘Trifles’ are alienated from their spouses as a result of traditional beliefs that dictate that women should be submissive, the males should dominate marriages, and the need of possessions to facilitate a happy marriage (Lupton, pp. 48).            The Sweat tells the story of a hero Delia Jones, who washes clothes for the whites in Florida town. She used to use the money she got to support her family (Hurston, pp.77). Nevertheless, Delia is married to an unkind man, Sykes. He is abusive to Delia, both physically and mentally. He has an affair with another lady and he uses the money earned by Delia to comfort his mistress. One day, he brings a rattle snake to his house in order to abuse Delia. Ironically, the snake kills him. As the play ends up the author makes the reader under that Delia does no effort to save the life of her abusive husband as he lay dying of bites inflicted by the snake.            Married women are unequally treated. They are required to do all domestic works and be submissive to their spouses. They are required to do things in order to please their husbands. Delia is abused by Sykes who physically beats her from time to time. As a result, domestic violence washes out the love between them. This is evident from the passive response of Delia when her husband suffers from the pains inflicted into his body by the rattle snake which he had brought into the house to abuse Delia. The narrator makes the theme clear by the reaction of Delia. Where there is abuse in marriage, suppressed parties will always want to revenge to the evil did by their husbands. Delia reacts with less concern about the pain her husband is going through as a way of revenging the abuse she has been going through the married life.            Domestic violence causes unfair treatment to the passive party. In the very beginning of the story, the writer makes the reader witness how women are used to attending all domestic chores. At this time, there were no employment opportunities for women more so the blacks. Nevertheless, Sykes is very unsympathetic to the needs of Delia who works for very little money in the laundry. He refuses to work and leaves his wife with all financial responsibilities. When Sykes tries to beat his wife, she says, Looka heah, Sykes, you done gone too far. Ah, been married to you fur fifteen years and Ah been takin in washing for fifteen years. Sweat sweat, sweat! Work and sweat, cry and sweat, pray and sweat! (Hurston, pp.89). This clearly shows that in families dominated by domestic families, the life is so unfulfilling to the spouse affected and there is no love for each other.            Marriages dominated by violence are subject to threats to each other. Sykes keeps on beating his wife and repeatedly uses threats such as â€Å"Don’t give me no lip neither, else Ah’ll throw em out and put ma fist upside yo head to boot. (Hurston, pp. 91). Ironically, the society knows what happening between the two spouses but they believe that what happens in marriages is too personal to question.            Domestic violence leads to unfaithfulness and hatred in marriages. The novel reveals that Sykes carries publicly affairs with another woman. To make the matters worse, he uses the hardly earned money by his wife to comfort the mistress. Sykes keeps on telling Delia that she is too thin and that his other partner is fatter, just to make Delia inferior to his mistress. One day as Delia comes from work she sees the two in a general store. Sykes publicly embarrasses her and says he has no problem with spending her wife’s hard earned money with his mistress. That very night she confronts her husband and the two confess hatred to one another. The author makes the reader understand that domestic violence is accompanied by hatred and misuse of one another. In the end, Delia revenges back in order to get the inner peace. When Delia is hiding in the hangar from the rattlesnake, Hurston writes, â€Å"A period of introspection, a space of retrospection, and then a mixt ure of both. Out of this an unpleasant calm. (Hurston, pp. 78) Possibly this is all Delia will ever find to pacify her soul.            Domestic violence is characterised by conflicts as seen in the case of Sykes and her wife. The conflict between the two starts when Delia brings her work in the house. Sykes is angered when he comes home and finds his wife sorting the cloths of her bosses. He verbally abuses her and tells her that he does not want the laundry in their home. He also attacks his wife on religious conviction. He wants her to respect the Sabbath day and keep it holy by not working. Delia tells him that her work caters for their home and wins them their daily bread. As a result, the author makes the reader understand that domestic violence makes parties not appreciate the roles of their spouses. They are always at the blame of each other and the marriage is dominated by criticism as evident in the marriage between Delia and Sykes.            Domestic violence leads to murderous deeds in marriages. As a result of the hatred, adulterous behaviours and abuse of one another the feeling of killing the abusive party enters into the other party. For instance, as Trifles opens, Henderson asks Mr. Hale to explain to him what happened. Mr. Hales responds by narrating a series of events which led to his discovery on murder, more so his conversation with Mrs. Wright, whom he found in the kitchenette with the body of his husband laying carelessly. He says, I was surprised; she did not ask me to come up to the stove, or to set down, but just sat there, not even looking at me, so I said, I want to see John. And then she-laughed (Glaspell, pp.37). The narrator makes it clear that Mrs. Wright never minds about the death of her husband as laughed at him when he demanded to see her husband. Glaspell presents Mrs. Wright as a woman who had no feminine hysteria behaviour.            Domestic violence leads to neglect of the spouses: Neglect can be said to be ignorance, or lack of giving proper attention to one another. Neglect is a major form of domestic abuse faced by many females today’s society. This form of abuse is rarely reported to the concerned authorities as women make mere excuses in regard to those behaviours. Mrs. Wright of Trifle though she is a fiction character suffers the neglect as many women of today. Before the marriage, she was known for her pretty dress which she used to attend to choir with. This personality depicted the confidence and respect she had for herself. After marriage, her life makes significant changes. She had no children and used to stay alone in the house that she occupied together with her husband. She used to stay at home alone for many hours attending family duties.            Domestic violence leads to suppression of the spouses: Where violence exists there is always suppression of another. This argument is supported by the two novels. In trifles, Mr. Wright suppresses and dominates his wife. The suppression makes her be unable to take part in society as she wished to. John Wring does not mind about how her wife thought or wished. The same suppression and the indifferences between the two can be seen as the possible drive for accusations made against Mrs. Wright for murdering her husband while in his sleep. References Ben-Zvi, Linda. ‘Murder, she wrote’: The genesis of Susan Glaspell’s Trifles. Theatre Journal 44.2 (1992): 141-162. Glaspell, Susan. Trifles. Plays by Susan Glaspell. (1991). Hilton, Leon. Trifles, by Susan Glaspell. Women Performance: a journal of feminist theory 21.1 (2011): 147-149. Hurston, Zora Neale. Sweat. Rutgers University Press, 1997.Lupton, Mary Jane. Zora Neale Hurston and the Survival of the Female. The Southern Literary Journal (1982): 45-54. Wagner-Martin, Linda, and Cathy N. Davidson, Eds. The Oxford book of womens writing in the United States. Oxford University Press, 1999. Source document

Comparing Margaret Cavendish’s The Description of a New World, Called t

Comparing Margaret Cavendish’s The Description of a New World, Called the Blazing World and Sir Thomas More’s Utopia The so-called Utopia – the quasi-perfect society – flourishes in Margaret Cavendish’s â€Å"The Description of a New World, Called a Blazing World† and Sir Thomas More’s Utopia. While the former is a dreamlike account of fantasy rule and the latter a pseudo-realistic travelogue, both works paint a picture of worlds that are not so perfect after all. These imperfections glitter like false gemstones in the paths of these Utopians’ religious beliefs, political systems, and philosophical viewpoints. Religion and spirituality reach into the depths of the human psyche and strongly influence a nation’s way of life. In Margaret Cavendish’s â€Å"Blazing World†, the Emperor and the inhabitants of the Blazing World worship Margaret, who renamed herself Margaret the First. Highly revered as a deity by the people, Margaret is surprised to discover that females do not have a high place in the religious fabric of the Blazing World. Women are barred from religious assemblies, because it is â€Å"promiscuous† for men and women to be together during religious worship, so women must remain at home to worship in the privacy of their rooms (Cavendish 1767). Priests and governors are made eunuchs to safeguard them from women and children who, according to Margaret’s advisors, make too much disturbances in the church and in the state. In Sir Thomas More’s Utopia, women priests are highly regarded. However, churches here are also segregat ed – the men sit on one side and while the women sit on the other. Aside from thinking that the peoples of the Blazing World are segregated as Jews, Turks, or Christians because women are... ...r recognition should not exist, yet in More’s Utopia, these beliefs exist at the very heart of the citizen’s being. In both of the purported "Utopian" worlds, the imperfect religious traditions, rigid governing systems, and askew philosophical beliefs mar what are otherwise model worlds for all other nations to imitate. Margaret Cavendish and Sir Thomas More, in their differing styles, are able to convey that no world is perfect, but there is room for change, for everyone can fabricate their own imaginary worlds and travelogues. Works Cited Cavendish, Margaret. The Description of a New World, Called the Blazing World. 1666, 1668. Norton Anthology of English Literature. 7th ed. 2 vols. New York: Norton, 2000, 1: 1765-1771. More, Sir Thomas. Utopia. 1516. . Norton Anthology of English Literature. 7th ed. 2 vols. New York: Norton, 2000, 1: 1765-1771.

Respect Atticus Essay

â€Å"It is far better to be trusted and respected that is to be liked.† In the story To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, is told from a child’s point of view, a girl name Jean Louise Finch that goes by the nickname Scout. Atticus Finch, her father, is the lawyer defending a black man, Tom Robinson, who has been accused of a crime. This story takes place in Maycomb, Alabama around the 1930’s. Atticus Finch does not care about age, appearance, or even skin color. He is not afraid to be himself and he is the same inside the house as he is on the streets. As the story progresses, Atticus presents himself as kind, wise, and calm. All the qualities which make him an admirable and respected leader throughout Maycomb. First, Atticus proves that he is one of the kindest men in Maycomb. He does not yell or swear and he treats everyone how he wants to be treated. One day, when Scout comes home from school, she tells Atticus that her teacher Miss Caroline does not want her father to teach her how to read anymore. Scout loves to read with Atticus and does not want to stop, so she explains to him that she would like to quit school. Atticus really didn’t like that idea so he makes a promise with her saying that they can keep reading together as long as she stays in school. Rather than threatening to punish his daughter for even thinking of that idea, Atticus speaks respectfully to Scout. Atticus always wants his children to come to him for advice so, that they grow up being kind and compassionate towards each other. Atticus also shows kindness when he tries to make Dill, Jem and Scout friend, feel better. After running away from home, Dill hides under Scout’s bed, cold and hungry, and Atticus decides to help him. Instead of telling Dill to go home without food, he talks to Scout. He says, â€Å"Scout, we can do better than a pan of cold corn bread, can’t we? You fill this fellow up and when I get back we’ll see what we can do.† Later on, Atticus realizes that Dill has a difficult home life, and with his kindness, he looks out for him as if he was his own child. Being kind is a way to be respected, because if you’re mean and mad all the time people won’t even acknowledge you. Next, Atticus is considered wise because he is able to use things he has been taught toward his children and others in distinct ways. When Mrs. Dubose, the Finch’s elderly neighbor dies, Atticus uses her death as an opportunity to teach Jem and Scout a lesson. Mrs. Dubose was a morphine addict who was dying of old age. She wanted to die clean of any drugs even though with her giving up caused her much pain. Atticus believes her decision shows true courage and bravery. He explains this to his children, â€Å"‘I want you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It’s when you know you’re licked before you even begin, but you begin anyways and you see it through no matter what.† Atticus respects Mrs. Dubose for her courage as much as Mrs. Dubose respects Atticus for his wisdom and good advice. Atticus thinks when Tim Johnson had shot that rabid dog that does not make him brave. Also, Atticus wisdom never gives up during the trial. During his closing statement he says to the jury, â€Å"A court is only as sound as its jury, and a jury is only as sound as the men who make it up. I am confident that you gentlemen will review without passion the evidence you have heard, come to a decision, and restore this defendant to his family. In the name of God do your duty.† Atticus was trying to remind the jury that Tom is a human being with a family. That was a wise way for Atticus to end his defense strategy at the trial, because his statement leads the jury to deliberate for hours rather than minutes. Atticus defending Tom Robinson was unacceptable in the town of Maycomb. People respected him because he stood up for what he believed was right. He believed that the court was the only place what provided equal justice but it didn’t. He had real courage to do something that other people were scared of. Additionally, Calm is another way to describe Atticus Finch. He never overreacts under pressure even in the worst situations. The day Atticus hears that Tom Robinson was shot, it was a horrible day for him, but he knew what he had to do. He had to stay calm and tell his family what had happened. Atticus explains the tragedy to Calpurnia, his cook, by saying, ‘â€Å"Depends on how you look at it. What was one Negro, more or less, among two hundred of ‘em? He wasn’t Tom to them, he was an escaping prisoner.† Atticus could have become angry with the guards that shot Tom, but instead he takes the time to see Tom’s death from the guards’ point of view. Staying calm is important, especially when dealing with someone who is unreasonable. For an example, Bob Ewell, the father who accused Tom of raping his daughter Mayella, is one of the meanest men anyone could come in contact with. Instead of being mature and talking to Atticus when he was upset, Bob decides to take his anger out on Atticus and spits on his face. Atticus controls his actions by simply wiping his face and walking away. He could have become mad but he maintains his self control. Atticus stays calm, even in the most difficult situations. That’s what makes him so respected by so many people. People doesn’t want a leader that over reacts or doesn’t stand up for what he believes. They want somebody that’s responsible and willing to stay strong in any circumstances. Throughout the Story, Atticus shows that being Kind, wise, and calm is the best way anyone can live his life and be respected. Atticus approaches the worst times with warnings and thoughtfulness while continuing to take care his children. Scout and Jem learn through their father that everyone makes mistakes and that resolving the problems takes skill and patience. Atticus’s experiences serve as important life-lessons for his children rather than situations too challenging to handle. His reminder to walk in someone’s skin rather than judging him teaches his children that all people can be misunderstood just as easily as they can be appreciated. People supported his actions and respected his courage. They just don’t have their own courage to speak up for justice. Atticus’s views towards the blacks in the community are not socially acceptable; however, so people criticize him for these bad choices or risks.

Who is most to blame for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet?

Essay topic: Who is most to blame for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet? The tragic death of Romeo and Juliet can be amounted to the many factors and influences, however, it can be condensed to the feuding households of Capulets and Montagues, the good-hearted Friar Lawrence and the actions of the ‘star-cross’d lovers’. The ill-fated death of the young lovers is a consequence of the unfortunate events and circumstances created by these characters mentioned. The ‘ancient grudge’ between the Capulets and Montagues sets the foundation for unfortunate events that catapults their offspring to their ultimate demise.The ‘pernicious rage’ between both households ‘alike in dignity’ has significant impact on the course of Romeo and Juliet’s lamentable love story. Most importantly, the existence of the quarrel presents a considerable impediment for Romeo and Juliet to ultimately ‘be together’ and enjoy their courtship. The ‘canker’d hate’ between old Capulet and Montague has being so saturated in Romeo and Juliet that from the get go, both conceal their relationship and take the‘faithful vow’ in surreptitiously. The quarrel has resulted in violence as an accepted part of life for the two and an acceptable way to resolve problems.Romeo is forced to defend his family’s honour and his own by avenging the death of Mercutio resulting in the death of Tybalt although Romeo had indeed attempted to avoid any violence with the cousin of this dear wife leading to the banishment of Romeo to Mantua. The authoritative parenting causes Romeo and Juliet to irrational decisions as a means to solving their problems as they see no other way. Old Capulet and Lady Capulet in particular are much more forceful of their opinions on Juliet and expect her to uphold their wishes.After the death of Tybalt, OId Capulet hastens his preparations for the marriage between the count and Juli et pushing Juliet over the edge leading her to disastrous and dangerous decisions to be with her ‘true love’. The actions of the Capulets and Montagues are accountable for the many events that lead to the tragic death of Romeo and Juliet. The benevolent Friar Lawrence creates many complications in the tale of Romeo and Juliet although his intentions are good-hearted. Although the Friar is ary of Romeo and Juliet’s relationship, he immediately agrees to be Romeos ‘assistant’ in hopes of turning their ‘household’s rancour to pure love’ and unites the lovers with a ‘faithful vow’. The friar not only disregards his ‘misgivings’ but also plays privy to the relationship and marriage of the ‘star-cross’d lovers’. The priest inadvertently feeds Romeo and Juliet irresponsible and extreme ideas and devises to ensure that their love will live on. When Juliet came to him with ‘wild looksâ₠¬â„¢, Friar Lawrence suggests that Juliet take a sleeping potion before her ‘marriage’ to Count Paris and feign death until the arrival of her lord, Romeo.This again necessitates the use of dishonesty for Juliet to her parents. When Romeo receives news the ‘death’ of his ‘true love’ he jumps to conclusions and purchases a vial of poison to take his own life with. Friar Lawrence was not prepared for this turn of events though he devised a plan that Romeo should ‘know our drift’ things did not occur so and Romeo takes his life. When Juliet awakens to find poison be Romeo’s ‘timeless end’ she too takes her life after the friar had unintentionally promoted and encouraged the hasty decisions of the two lovers.Although the friar had kind-hearted intentions he was ‘miscarried’ and consequently was responsible for the bereavement of Romeo and Juliet. Romeo and Juliet’s own hasty and naive decisions c ontribute largely to their ‘untimely death’. Both Romeo and Juliet recognise the danger in their courtship when the come to the realisation that their love is ‘sprung from†¦only hate’ but continue to court each other in clandestine and still believe that they can associate with each other.The resolution of marriage for Romeo and Juliet was one of hastiness and impulsiveness; the couple had known each other for but a few hours! Although Juliet feels that that their love was ‘too rash†¦too like lightening’ she still mentions marriage.. Romeo heeds no avail of the friar’s wise words to be ‘wisely and slow’ and agrees to exchange the ‘faithful vow’. The pair are an ‘hour but married’ and Romeo is ‘banish’d’ for slewing Tybalt, once again the young lovers rush to consummate their marriage before Romeo escapes to Mantua.When Balthasar brings tidings of Juliet’s ‘ death’, he also advises Romeo to ‘have patience’ but Romeo inflicted with desperation and self-pity, yet again pays no attention and hastens to the Capulets monument where he proceeds in taking his life swiftly although he had noticed that Juliet’s lips were ‘crimson’ still. The couple in their passionate throws and young naivety held no respect to the wise advice they were given by the friar nor did they take notice of their own suspicions of warning and ultimately their ‘untimely’ death can be attributed by their own actions and behaviours.In conclusion, the grievous death of Romeo and Juliet is consequently the responsibility of not one lone character but various characters and events that took place. The ‘fury’ of the Capulets and Montagues, the naive Friar Lawrence and Romeo and Juliet themselves play key roles in the misfortunes that led to the fatality of not only Romeo and Juliet but Tybalt and Mercutio as wel l, ‘all are punish’d’.

Dwight essays

Dwight essays Dwight D. Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890 in Dension, Texas, and raised in Abilene, Kansas. In high school Eisenhower was excellent in sports which allowed him to attend West Point. Eisenhower went back to Texas and became a second lieutenant when he met Mamie Geneva Doud, which then he married in 1916. In Eisenhowers early career in the Army, he was serving under Generals Douglas McArthur, John J. Pershing, and Walter Krueger. In November 1942 Eisenhower commanded the Allied forces when landing in North Africa in WWII. After this Eisenhower escalated in becoming Supreme Commander of the invasion of France on D-Day, 1944. After the war Eisenhower became Supreme Commander of another new force called NATO which established in 1951. Persuasion from Paris made Eisenhower run for President in 1952, which the quote I like IKE was commonly known and made him win the seat. Hydrogen bombs were being developed between the U.S. and U.S.S.R., this lead Eisenhower into signing a meeting w ith the British, French, and Russian governments in July 1955. Eisenhower had then developed a plan that would make tension calm between U.S. and U.S.S.R. by exchanging blue prints of each others military establishments. On September 1955 Eisenhower had got struck with a heart attack and survived it. Eisenhower then succeeded on to his second term he won in November of 1956. In the continuing of Eisenhowers term in office his new goals were set to maintaining peace in the world. In January 1961, before Eisenhower left office, he wanted the military to remain strong and cautious. Eisenhower had an illness within him that lasted until he died on March 28, 1969 in Washington, D.C. ...

Advantages and Disadvantages of Franchising

Advantages and Disadvantages of Franchising Franchising Franchising is arrangement where one party (the franchiser) grants another party (the franchisee) the right to use trade-name as well as certain business systems and processes, to produce and market good or service according to certain specification. The franchisee usually pays a one-time franchise-fee plus a percentage of sales revenueas royalty, and gains immediate name cognition, tried and tested products, standard building and decor,detailed technique in running and promoting the business, training of employees, and ongoing help in promoting and upgrading of the products. The franchiser gains rapid expansion of business and earningsat minimum capital-outlay. Feature of the franchise is that each buyer undertakes to fulfill the various conditions and requirements of the seller (franchiser), related to the production and sale of goods and the provision of related services to consumers. Thus, in the world market there are groups of companies united in a single system un der the auspices of a major international corporation. Its partners in the contract the franchisor provides advice on corporate location, selects equipment, helps in training, advice on management, and may also provide financial assistance. All this facilitates the standardization and unification of products and services of the companies included in the system of franchising provides unity on market events, style and design, the quality of goods and services sold the centralization of procurement related savings (and the additional benefit to the franchisor). Advantages of franchising mode are following (Kotler, 2002, p. 377): Rapid expansion of sales markets, the increase in sales volume and the territorial expansion of the business Absence of the cost of the vertically-integrated network management (reduction of personnel costs) A lower level of own capital investment Lift the prestige of the company and its trademark, recognition from the customers, increased confidence i n the quality and range of products a single company Income from the sale of the license and renting real estate franchise and equipment Profit from lending opportunities franchisees and reducing the time of turnover. Disadvantages of franchising mode are following (Kotler, 2002, p. 377): The likelihood of a smaller part of the profits from the franchise business than on their own Low reputation of one of the franchises in the absence of proper quality control can affect the reputation of the firm; Difficulty in controlling the reliability of financial reporting franchisee The franchisor is preparing a possible competitor in the face of franchisee company Joint ventures Joint ventures are often created for access to foreign markets, company’s decision to team up with their foreign partner, sharing ownership and control over the activities of the company. In world practice, there are many examples of well-known association of firms and corporations to tap new m arkets and gain competitive advantage. Creation of a joint venture may be the preferred method of access to foreign markets for the following reasons: 1. If the company lacks the financial, technological, managerial and other resources for self-development in foreign markets 2. If the government does not admit to its market foreign companies or subsidiaries without the participation of local capital for some political or economic reasons; 3. When the company, for economic reasons, team up with a foreign company for the joint production, the sale of which will provide the company higher profits due to the low cost of use of local resources (labor, raw materials, etc.)

Corporate social responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corporate social responsibility - Essay Example The research using accounting theories in this context will focus on the primary stakeholders without whom the company cannot survive. Studies on secondary stakeholders or non-economic shareholders, that is the ones who affect or influence, affected, or influenced, yet are not involved in transactions with a company are not very significant to its survival. According to research, while a number of stakeholders are interested in the business activities of the CSR, most of the stakeholders view their voluntarily developed reports to have insufficient credibility and generally, they are skeptical of the company’s social responsibility reporting. Given that this is a discussion question, the issue will be looked at from both perspectives of the context. We must first of all look at the different accounting theories and what they suggest about the work of CRS in a company then give a conclusion later. The stakeholder theory for instance extends legality arguments to regard not only society in its entirety but specific stakeholder groups. These stakeholders require various reports and companies will respond to their demands in a number of ways. According to scholars studying this theory, stakeholder management is a driver of corporate social responsibility activities and reports. ... Legitimacy theory is one of these theories and states that reporting serves as a communication mechanism to manipulate and at the same time inform the firm’s actions perceptions (Hodgson et al, 2010. P. 23). Some authors argue that information given by the CSR is founded on a political â€Å"social contract† among those in power, such as the government and the people who grant them that power. Further, reports provided within the social contract for example, involve financial reports meant for shareholders, but it is argued that such reports include relevant information to a broader range of stakeholders (Blackburn et al, 1994, p.201). A big percentage of the research done on CSR and the areas related to it by accounting academics up to the present times have been on how people account for environmental and social activities of companies. However, the big question can be raised to state if such accounting results in any change in organizational behavior, in terms of bei ng sustainable than it was before. Moir, 2001, argues that while this may be a challenging question, there is evidence of change in the responsibilities and routines in the organizations. This is mostly realized in the use of accounting techniques and tools as well as in the use of the accounts types that are produced by organizations. However, he does not stop at this point by stating that even though such changes are evident, deeper degrees of change to rationales and attitudes do not always occur and these organizations do not embrace the sustainability agenda as desired. In this regard therefore, the challenge remains to face business people, accountants, and the society at large to go on striving for attitudinal modifications about CSR if